The most common cause of dandruff is seborrheic dermatitis (or seborrhea), which usually occurs on the scalp, ears, face and upper torso. [3] X Research source mid-chest, and mid-back. Seborrhea produces itchy, reddish plaques on skin (scaling), which flakes off as dandruff. Common zinc pyrithione shampoos include Head & Shoulders, Selsun Salon,Jason Dandruff Relief 2 in 1, and Neutrogena Daily Control Dandruff Shampoo.
Coal tar is actually a by-product from the process of manufacturing coal. It’s considered effective for preventing dandruff caused by seborrheic dermatitis, eczema and psoriasis. Remember that eczema is characterized by an itchy red rash, whereas psoriasis involves raised patches topped by silvery scales. Commonly available shampoos that contain coal tar include Neutrogena T/Gel, Denorex Therapeutic Protection, and Scytera.
In order to reduce the potential for hair discoloration, only use these shampoos strictly as instructed — don’t leave them on your scalp for too long and thoroughly rinse your hair with water. Shampoos that contain selenium sulfide as an ingredient include Selsun Blue, Dandrex, and Head & Shoulders Clinical Strength.
To minimize the drying out effect of salicylic acid, use a scalp conditioner after shampooing. Commonly available shampoos that contain salicylic acid acid include Ionil T and Neutrogena T/Sal. Some salicylic acid shampoos also contain sulfur, such as Sebex and Sebulex. Be aware that these brands have stronger odors and may leave your hair smelling unpleasant.
Unlike most other anti-dandruff shampoos, products containing ketoconazole usually only need to be applied 2x per week at most. [9] X Trustworthy Source National Health Service (UK) Public healthcare system of the UK Go to source Commonly available shampoos that contain ketoconazole include Nizoral, Extina and Xolegel.
Ketoconazole is the compound most often used in prescription shampoos. Your doctor can examine your scalp to determine the actual cause of your dandruff. You may need a referral to a skin specialist (dermatologist) for a diagnosis. [11] X Expert Source Yan KandkhorovProfessional Hair Stylist Expert Interview. 28 January 2020. If your dandruff is caused by an inflammatory condition, such as psoriasis or eczema, your doctor may recommend and prescribe a lotion or cream containing a corticosteroid. Betamethasone is the most common steroid used for dandruff and is found in brands such as Bettamousse and Betnovate. These come in different strengths for different areas of your body (your scalp, for instance, can tolerate a higher strength steroid than the skin on your neck or face), so make sure you get the right one.
Tea tree oil has been known to cause allergic reactions in some people, so test it on yourself by rubbing a small amount onto the back of your hand. If your skin has no adverse reaction, you can proceed to use it on your scalp. If tea tree oil proves too strong for you, try black or green tea instead (both are astringent and contain antioxidants). Boil dry tea leaves in water, strain, and let the tea cool before rinsing your scalp with it.
Consider massaging in the oil and leaving it overnight while your sleep. Wearing a protective shower cap will hep protect your pillow from stains. You should avoid these treatments if you suspect that your dandruff is related to an excessively oily scalp.
Avoid yogurts with added sugar, flavorings and fruit. Instead, buy Greek yogurt, which tends to be thicker and more natural. Real Greek yogurt has friendly strains of bacteria called probiotics. Applying these probiotics to skin may help reduce redness, itchiness and irritation.
Start with spending a little more time outside each day without covering your head. [15] X Research source Avoid sunbathing for too long because excessive amounts of UV radiation can damage your skin (scalp) and increase your risk of skin cancer. While outside, you should wear sunscreen on your face and body to reduce the harmful effects of UV light.
Foods with high levels of zinc include oysters, shellfish, red meat, poultry, eggs, pork, dairy products and most edible seeds. Foods high in B vitamins include clams, oysters, mussels, liver, fish, beef, cheese and eggs. Healthy fatty acids can be obtained from fish oils, flaxseed and many types of nuts. In addition to vitamins and minerals, getting enough water is important too. Dry skin and flakiness is a common sign of dehydration. Aim for eight 8-ounce glasses of purified water each day.
